(c) There is a function u such that 0 ≤ f(h) ≤ u(h) for all h > 30 and. To the nearest million, how many plankton cells are in this column of water between h = 0 and (b) Consider a vertical column of water in this sea with horizontal cross sections of constant area 3 square Using correct units, interpret the meaning of p'(25) in the context of the problem. The continuous function f is not explicitly given. Plankton cells, in millions of cells per cubic meter, is modeled by
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Justify your answer.ĪP Calculus BC 2018 Free Response Question 2 Number, find the number of people in line at this time. (d) For 0 ≤ t ≤ 300, at what time t is the number of people in line a minimum? To the nearest whole (c) For t > 300, what is the first time t that there are no people in line for the escalator? (b) During the time interval 0 ≤ t ≤ 300, there are always people in line for the escalator. (a) How many people enter the line for the escalator during the time interval 0 ≤ t ≤ 300 ? There are 20 people in line at time t = 0. They exit the line at a constant rate of 0.7 person per second. Where r(t) is measured in people per second and t is measured in seconds. People enter a line for an escalator at a rate modeled by the function r given by.Use anĪccumulation function and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (FTC).
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The more that scientists like Corradino understand how to protect these critical marine species, the more likely it is that their research will help creatures further up the food chain survive threats such as climate change.Questions And Worked Solutions For AP Calculus BC 2018ĪP Calculus BC 2018 Free Response Questions - Complete Paper (pdf)ĪP Calculus BC 2018 Free Response Question 1 Department of the Interior Climate Science fellow whose research interests include the role of plankton in the marine food web.
National Geographic Explorer Gabrielle Corradino is a U.S. Climate change and rising sea temperatures pose serious risks to plankton populations. Contaminated fish that are caught and served to people may also cause illness and even death.īecause the aquatic food chain depends so heavily on plankton, the survival of these tiny plants and animals is essential for healthy marine ecosystems. These temporary conditions can cause high fish mortality and other damage to the marine ecosystem. When a plankton population suddenly swells, it is called a “bloom.” When this happens with certain types of phytoplankton that release dangerous toxins, the region may experience a red tide or other serious algal bloom. While plankton populations are needed for thriving marine ecosystems, too many plankton in one area can create a serious environmental problem. Very clear water usually has less plankton than water that is more green or brown in color. One way to tell if a body of water has a large plankton population is to look at its clarity. Plankton can be found in saltwater and freshwater. Bacterioplankton are bacteria and virioplankton are viruses. In addition to phytoplankton and zooplankton, two even smaller kinds of plankton can be found floating in the sea. Phytoplankton rely on nutrients found in their surroundings, such as phosphate, nitrate, and calcium, to thrive. Phytoplankton account for about half of the photosynthesis on the planet, making them one of the world’s most important producers of oxygen. Like other plants, phytoplankton take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen. Phytoplankton make their energy through photosynthesis, the process of using chlorophyll and sunlight to create energy. Zooplankton and other small marine creatures eat phytoplankton and then become food for fish, crustaceans, and other larger species. There are two main types of plankton: phytoplankton, which are plants, and zooplankton, which are animals.
They drift about in the water, allowing tides, currents, and other factors determine where they go. The word plankton comes from the Greek word planktos, which means “drifter.” Their name fits, because plankton do not swim on their own or stay in one place like coral. They provide the base for the entire marine food web. Though they are microscopic in size, organisms called plankton play a big role in marine ecosystems.
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